Politická ekonomie 2017, 65(5):601-622 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.1164

Základní nepodmíněný příjem co (ne)dokáže zajistit a v čem je jiný?

Jitka Špeciánová
Jitka Špeciánová (jitka.melzochova@vse.cz), Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, Národohospodářská fakulta

Unconditional Basic Income - What Can(not) It Guarantee and in What Way Is It Different?

Unconditional basic income should guarantee that all residents have sufficient material conditions for their existence. Compared to other existing social security programs, basic income is unique in its simplicity. It also supports the individuals' freedom of use of their disposible time. The article analyzes the expected impact of the introduction of an unconditional basic income on the labor market. It also compares basic income to other social security programs (wage subsidies, targeted social programs, a negative income tax and tax credits) on a theoretical level from the perspective of a recipient. Unconditional basic income's effects on labor supply would be rather negative. However, relative to other social security programs, unconditional basic income can guarantee a higher or the same utility level, but it may not motivate to participate in the labor market. Additional positives are transparency and lack of incentives to cheat. The prospect of lower administrative costs depends on the specific basic income scheme in question.

Keywords: unconditional basic income, labor market, labor supply, reservation wage, work incentives, welfare programs
JEL classification: D11, D31, D63, I38, J08

Published: October 1, 2017  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Špeciánová, J. (2017). Unconditional Basic Income - What Can(not) It Guarantee and in What Way Is It Different? Politická ekonomie, 65(5), 601-622. doi: 10.18267/j.polek.1164
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Alaska Permanent Fund Corporation (2016). The Permanent Fund Dividend [cit. 2016-10-20]. Dostupné z: http://www.apfc.org/home/Content/dividend/dividend.cfm
    2. Arcarons, J., Raventós, D., Mèlich, L. (2014). Feasibility of Financing a Basic Income. Basic Income Studies, 9(1-2), 79-93, https://doi.org/10.1515/bis-2014-0005 Go to original source...
    3. Bay, A. H., Pedersen, A. W. (2006). The Limits of Social Solidarity Basic Income, Immigration and the Legitimacy of the Universal Welfare State. Acta Sociologica, 49(4), 419-436, https://doi.org/10.1177/0001699306071682 Go to original source...
    4. Basic Income Earth Network. Chaire Hoover d'éthique économique et sociale, Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium. [cit. 2016-10-25]. Dostupné z: http://basicincome.org/
    5. Blattman, C., Fiala, N., Martinez, S. (2014). Generating Skilled Self-Employment in Developing Countries: Experimental Evidence from Uganda. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 129(2), 697-752, https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjt057 Go to original source...
    6. Boettke, P. J., Martin, A. (2012). Taking the" G" out of BIG: A Comparative Political Economy Perspective on Basic Income. Basic Income Studies, 6(2), https://doi.org/10.1515/1932-0183.1218 Go to original source...
    7. Colombino, U., Narazani, E. (2013). Designing a Universal Income Support Mechanism for Italy: an Exploratory Tour. Basic Income Studies, 8(1), 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1515/bis-2012-0010 Go to original source...
    8. De Wispelaere, J., Stirton, L. (2011). The Administrative Efficiency of Basic Income. Policy & Politics, 39(1), 115-132, https://doi.org/10.1332/030557311x546352 Go to original source...
    9. Doerrenberg, P., Peichl, A. (2013). Progressive Taxation and Tax Morale. Public Choice, 155(3-4), 293-316, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11127-011-9848-1 Go to original source...
    10. Dušek, L., Kalíšková, K., Münich, D. (2015). The Poor or the Kids? Distributional Impacts of Taxes and Benefits among Czech Households. Prague Economic Papers, 24(5), 602-618, https://doi.org/10.18267/j.pep.550 Go to original source...
    11. Dušek, L., Kalíšková, K., Münich, D. (2014). Dopady reformy přímých daní k roku 2015: vyhodnocení pomocí modelu TAXBEN. Politická ekonomie, 62(6), 749-768, https://doi.org/10.18267/j.polek.980 Go to original source...
    12. Dušek, L., Kalíšková, K., Münich, D. (2013). Distribution of Average, Marginal and Participation Tax Rates among Czech Taxpayers: Results from a TAXBEN Model. Finance a úvěr, 63(6), 474.
    13. Elster, J. (1986). Comment on van der Veen and Van Parijs. Theory and Society, 15(5), 709-721, https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00239135 Go to original source...
    14. Fialová, K., Mysíková, M. (2009). Labour Market Participation: The Impact of Social Benefits in the Czech Republic and Selected European Countries. Prague Economic Papers, 18(3), 235-250. Go to original source...
    15. Ford, M. (2015). Rise of the Robots: Technology and the Threat of a Jobless Future. Basic Books. ISBN 978-0465097531.
    16. Forget, E. L. (2011). The Town with no Poverty: the Health Effects of a Canadian Guaranteed Annual Income Field Experiment. Canadian Public Policy, 37(3), 283-305, https://doi.org/10.1353/cpp.2011.0036 Go to original source...
    17. Friedman, M. (1993 [1962]). Kapitalismus a svoboda. Praha: Liberální institut. ISBN 80-85787-33-4.
    18. Garfinkel, I. (1972). The New Jersey Income Maintenance Experiment. The Journal of Consumer Affairs, 6(1), 1-11, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6606.1972.tb00495.x Go to original source...
    19. Hagstrom, P. A. (1996). The Food Stamp Participation and Labor Supply of Married Couples: An Empirical Analysis of Joint Decisions. Journal of Human Resources, 31(2), 383-403, https://doi.org/10.2307/146068 Go to original source...
    20. Healy, S. et al. (2012). Basic Income - Why and How in Difficult Economic Times: Financing a BI in Ireland. In 14th International Congress of the Basic Income Earth Network, Munich, Germany.
    21. Honkanen, P. (2014). Basic Income and Negative Income Tax: A Comparison with a Simulation Model. Basic Income Studies, 9(1-2), 119-135, https://doi.org/10.1515/bis-2014-0015 Go to original source...
    22. Hotz, J., Scholz, J. K. (2003). The Earned Income Tax Credit, in Moffitt, R., ed., Means-tested Transfer Programs in the United States. Chicago: University of Chicago press, pp.141-198. Go to original source...
    23. Hum, D., Simpson, W. (2001). A Guaranteed Annual Income? From Mincome to the Millennium. Policy Options/Options Politique, 22(1), 78-82.
    24. Haarmann, C. et al. (2009). Making the Difference! The BIG in Namibia Basic Income Grant Pilot Project Assessment Report. Dostupné z: http://www.bignam.org/Publications/BIG_Assessment_report_08b.pdf
    25. Keane, M. P. (2011). Labor Supply and Taxes: A Survey. Journal of Economic Literature, 49(4), 961-1075, https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.49.4.961 Go to original source...
    26. Killingsworth, M. R., Heckman, J. J. (1986). Female Labor Supply: A Survey. Handbook of labor economics, 1, 103-204, https://doi.org/10.1016/s1573-4463(86)01005-2 Go to original source...
    27. Levine, R. A., Watts H., Hollister Robinson G., O'Connor W. et Wilderquist K. (2005). A Retrospective on the Negative Income Tax Experiments: Looking Back at the Most Innovative Field Studies in Social Policy. The Ethics and Economics of the Basic Income Guarantee, 95-106. Dostupné z: http://works.swarthmore.edu/fac-economics/347 Go to original source...
    28. McKay, A. (2001). Rethinking Work and Income Maintenance Policy: Promoting Gender Equality through a Citizens' Basic Income. Feminist Economics, 7(1), 97-118, https://doi.org/10.1080/13545700010022721 Go to original source...
    29. Medialdea, B., Álvarez, N. (2005). Ajuste neoliberal y pobreza salarial: los working poor en la UE. Viento Sur, 82, 56-64.
    30. Melzochová, J., Špecián, P. (2015). An Estimate of the Basic Income Costs: Case of the Czech Republic. Procedia Economics and Finance, 30, 550-557, https://doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(15)01267-8 Go to original source...
    31. Moffitt, R. A. (2002). Welfare Programs and Labor Supply. Handbook of public economics, 4, 2393-2430, https://doi.org/10.1016/s1573-4420(02)80013-1 Go to original source...
    32. Mortensen, D. T., Pissarides, C. (2001). Taxes, Subsidies and Equilibrium Labour Market Outcomes. CEPR. Discussion Papers No. 2989.
    33. Munnell, A. H. (1987). Lessons from the Income Maintenance Experiments: An Overview. New England Economic Review, (May), 32-45.
    34. Pencavel, J. (1986). Labor Supply of Men: a Survey. Handbook of labor economics, 1, 3-102, https://doi.org/10.1016/s1573-4463(86)01004-0 Go to original source...
    35. Raventós, D. (2015 [2007]). Materiální podmínky svobody. Praha: Rubato. ISBN 978-80-87705-20-9.
    36. Standing, G. (2013). India's Experiment in Basic Income Grants. Global dialogue, 3(5), 24-26.
    37. Steiner, H. (1992). Three Just Taxes, in Van Parijs, P., ed., Arguing for Basic Income. Ethical foundations for a radical reform. Londýn: Verso.
    38. Suplicy, E. M. (2008). From the Family Scholarship Program towards the Citizen's Basic Income in Brazil. Published by Basic Income Earth Network, 20-21.
    39. Tabatabai, H. (2011). The Basic Income Road to Reforming Iran's Price Subsidies. Basic Income Studies, 6(1), https://doi.org/10.2202/1932-0183.1172 Go to original source...
    40. Tcherneva, P. R. (2006). Universal Assurances in the Public Interest: Evaluating the Economic Viability of Basic Income and Job Guarantees. International Journal of Environment, Workplace and Employment, 2(1), 69-88, https://doi.org/10.1504/ijewe.2006.009358 Go to original source...
    41. United Stated Census Bureau (2016). Total CPS Population and Per Capita Income [cit. 2016-10-20]. Dostupné z: http://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/income-poverty/historical-income-people.html
    42. Van der Veen, R. J. (1998). Real Freedom versus Reciprocity: Competing Views on the Justice of Unconditional Basic Income. Political Studies, 46(1), 140-163, https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9248.00134 Go to original source...
    43. Van Parijs, P. (1995). Real Freedom for All: What (If Anything) can Justify Capitalism? Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780198293576.
    44. Van Parijs, P. (2004). Basic Income: a Simple and Powerful Idea for the Twenty-first Century. Politics and Society, 32(1), 7-39, https://doi.org/10.1177/0032329203261095 Go to original source...
    45. Van Parijs, P., Hrubec, M., Brabec, M. (2007). Všeobecný základní příjem: Právo na lenost nebo na přežití? Praha: Filosofia. ISBN 978-80-7007-257-2.
    46. Velasquez-Manoff, M. (2014). What Happens when the Poor Receive a Stipend. New York Times, 1, 18.

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY NC ND 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


    Return to the content