R58 - Regional Development Planning and PolicyNávrat zpět

Socio-economic and political systems are becoming increasingly unstable under the influence of various recent global events. The resilience of territorial units and their ability to respond to new challenges is significantly different in both the international and national context. In the presented work, we try to quantify the level of socio-economic resilience of Slovak regions and districts, while evaluating its state in time sections (2010 and 2020) capturing two crisis periods: the global economic and financial crisis and the onset of the crisis associated with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We use a set of indicators that reflect the demographic, economic, knowledge society, social and public-administrative context of this resilience, which define the degree of preparedness for (ability to react to) real or potential socio-economic crises. For this purpose, a multi-criteria evaluation method is used, quantifying the level of socio-economic resilience of the analysed territorial units. They are divided into five groups using the clustering method (with very high, high, medium, low and very low levels of resistance). It turns out that during the study decade there were no major changes in the socio-economic resilience of individual regions and districts and that territorial units concentrated in the western half of Slovakia and in the hinterland of large cities are much better prepared for socio-economic crises, in contrast to the limited ability to react in peripheral areas located at the south of central Slovakia and the east of the country.

In the lens of European integration, national competitiveness no longer depends just on national inheritance, but also on the new member states' capacity of exploiting existing advantages of EU membership. In this paper, we closely follow the effects of European Union (EU) admission on national competitiveness for eleven Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries that joined the EU after 2004. The analysis includes new specific variables that we consider potential boosters of competitiveness in this particular sample of countries, besides the proxies generally used in the literature. The results indicate that, for most of the CEE countries, EU accession bought both domestic and international advantages, with a more visible positive change in the international position. Although we were able to classify the analysed economies into three distinct groups, there are still notable differences across the CEE countries that require differentiated strategies for enhancing competitiveness.

Considering the differences between public and non-public beneficiaries, the main aim of this paper is to evaluate the relationship between the disadvantage of Czech regions and the spatial distribution of EU structural funds in the programming period 2007–2013. The empirical results reveal negative and significant influence of socioeconomic disadvantage of regions on the amount of structural funds obtained by public beneficiaries. On the contrary, agglomeration economies are the statistically significant determinant of the amount of structural funds obtained by non-public beneficiaries. These conclusions are related to different absorption capacity of regions, regarding the number and size of projects. Overall, structural funds do not compensate for the disadvantage of regions, neither for public nor for non-public beneficiaries.

This paper deals with allocation of financial resources from selected operational programmes among Czech regions and assess whether a regional innovation paradox occurs in the Czech Republic. Regional innovation paradox expresses a state when some regions with lower innovation performance and higher investment needs exist but at the same time these regions are not able to gain the offered resources. The article examines the relationship between amount of obtained resources and selected characteristics of regions through correlation analysis. The attention is focused on Operational programme Enterprise and Innovations and Operational programme Research and Development for Innovations. The analysis confirmed the existence of the regional innovation paradox in the Czech Republic. The paradox is apparent especially if the amount of subsidies is compared to the total regional gross domestic product. The paradox is in higher degree apparent at OP Research and Development for Innovations than OP Enterprise and Innovations.

This paper deals with the spatial relationship between national and European regional policies. Spatial coherence of these two types of policies in two CEE countries - in the Czech Republic and Slovakia - is discussed. Our findings point at a higher spatial coherence of national and European regional policy in Slovakia. Thus, there is a higher financial allocation per 1 inhabitant in the nationally delimitated areas of special interest in Slovakia compared with the Czech Republic. Three aspects are discussed in this regard. First, different strategies of the delimitation of the areas of special interest in the both countries are emphasised. Second, different strategies of the implementation of the areas of special interest in programming documents in the both countries are upheld. Third, the factor of territorial absorption capacity is mentioned. We claim that the three aspects should be considered in achieving a higher spatial coherence of national and European regional policies.

This paper deals with the relationship between regional disparities and financing of regional policy. The Czech Republic and the Convergence goal of cohesion policy were chosen as a case study. Four themes are discussed in this regard. First, the spatial distribution of funds is analyzed with respect to the disparity goal of regional policy. Second, the coherence of regional policy on different regional levels is evaluated. Third, the differences in evaluations based on the seat of applicants on one hand and place of realization on the other are discussed. Finally, some thematic issues are considered. Our findings point at some ambivalent conclusions with respect to both, the disparity goal and the coherence of regional policy on different regional levels. In addition, the differences in the both forms of evaluations are emphasized.

New approaches are being searched for to assess regional policy in connection with the specification of a new paradigm of regional development. The article pays attention to the assurance of a sustainable growth rate of economies in Czech regions. The methodological base of the solution is a thesis on the analogy between enterprises and regions as relatively open socio-economic systems with a function of the welfare maximisation. The data from 2002-2006 are analysed. The oscillation around the value "1" occurs with inter-annually in 10 regions from 14; the inter-annual oscillation is corrupted in 3 cases, when the trend continues in sequence, even though with other intensity. On the one hand, it is necessary consider all factors influencing regional policy tools; on the other hand it is also necessary to correctly consider the self-regulating elements effecting regions.

Brownfields are old, unused sites and buildings located in urban areas and open countryside. This article deals with problems of brownfields that developed as a result of restructuring national industry, a decreased significance of primary and secondary industry, and the increase of tertiary industry. The main part of the article provides a complex evaluation of the costs and benefits connected with brownfields regeneration in comparison with building on greenfields. The presented model evaluates both alternatives from the municipality, investor and public interest points of view. In a conclusion, there is given a recommended procedure for brownfields regeneration. The first step is to create a database of brownfields which will be later followed by the evaluation of identified brownfields according to attractiveness for investors, usability of individual brownfields from the point of view of land use planning and also the search of financial resources for regeneration and evaluation of economic efficiency of brownfields revitalization.