J16 - Economics of Gender; Non-labor DiscriminationReturn

This study examines the impact of women's income, employment, education, health and household characteristics on energy poverty in Turkey. The research utilizes logit and probit regression methods to analyse household data comprehensively, providing a detailed understanding of the factors influencing energy poverty. According to the results, women with any income - particularly those with above-average income - significantly reduce household energy poverty. While the impact of women's employment type on energy poverty is mixed, paid employment strongly reduces it. Higher levels of women's education decrease the likelihood of energy poverty. Women's health insurance does not significantly affect energy poverty; however, households with disabled women are more likely to experience it. The gender of the household head does not affect energy poverty. The study emphasizes that empowering women through greater access to education, job opportunities and financial resources is essential not only for individual well-being but also as a crucial strategy for effectively reducing energy poverty at the household level.

The energy transition process might face cognitive bankruptcy because of prevailing gender bias in the energy sector. Policy reorientation is needed to ensure diminishing of gender bias in the transition process. The political risk persisting within the economy, as well as among its international counterparts, also needs to be internalized within this framework. Existing regulatory infrastructure might possibly have an impact on shaping the dimensions of this association. The present study aims at analysing the effect of energy transition on gender inequality in the USA in light of political risk and regulations. Moderation effects are captured using marginal impact analysis. The estimation results show that although energy transition increases gender inequality, it is reduced in the presence of moderation. The policy framework developed in the study is aimed at attaining the objectives of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 5 and 7.