Politická ekonomie X:X | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.1535

Green Finance and Energy Security: Pathways to Resilient Economic Growth

Hao Zhu ORCID...
Shanghai Sanda University, Business School, Shanghai 201209, China

The transition to sustainable energy systems represents one of the most critical challenges of our time, requiring careful balancing of energy security, economic growth, and environmental sustainability. This study examines the complex relationship between green finance mechanisms and energy security outcomes across 10 major economies from 2000-2023, with diverse energy profiles and development trajectories. Using a dynamic panel data approach, we analyse how different financial instruments and policy frameworks contribute to resilient energy systems while addressing the persistent challenges of fossil fuel dependency and price volatility. Our findings reveal that energy security exhibits strong path dependency, where historical investments and institutional quality create long-lasting effects that either reinforce resilience or perpetuate vulnerability. Renewables boost energy security, but require strong grids, storage, and fair access to be effective.

Keywords: Energy security; renewable energy; carbon emissions; economic growth; sustainability

Received: May 28, 2025; Revised: September 6, 2025; Accepted: September 27, 2025; Prepublished online: February 17, 2026 

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